Jonathan Robert Cervas
Revised July 2026
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Carnegie Mellon University
Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences
5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
Office: 412-268-4519
Email: cervas@cmu.edu
Homepage: https://jonathancervas.com
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Academic Employment
Carnegie Mellon University
Assistant Teaching Professor, 2024-
Post-Doctoral Fellow, 2020–2024
Education
University of California, Irvine
Ph.D., Political Science, 2020
Dissertation Committee: Bernard Grofman (Chair), Michael Tesler, Carole Uhlaner
Dissertation: A Quantitative Assessment of the U.S. Electoral College, 1790–2020
Fields: American Politics, Political Methodology, Comparative Politics
M.A., Political Science, December 2018
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
B.A., Political Science, 2007
Major: Political Science
Confer: 05/12/2007
Degree GPA: 3.277
Additional Training
Workshop on Research Design for Causal Inference, Northwestern University, 2017
Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR), University of Michigan, 2016
Professional Experience
Special Master or Court-Appointed Expert
- Special Master, State of New York, Bath, NY. April 2022 - May 2022.
- Appointed by the Supreme Court of New York to draw state’s Congressional and State Senate Districts,pursuant to Harkenrider v. Hochul.
- “Report of the Special Master”, available online.
- Court Consultant, State of Wisconsin, Madison, WI. January 2024 - September 2024.
- Appointed by the Wisconsin Supreme Court to advise, and if necessary, redraw the state’s legislative districts, pursuant to Clarke v. Wisconsin Elections Commission, No. 2023AP1399-OA, 2023 WI 79, 2024.
- “Report of the Court-Appointed Co-Consultants”, available online.
- Assistant to the Special Master
- Wright v. Sumter County Board of Elections, 2019–2020.
- Bethune-Hill v. Virginia State Board of Elections, 2018–2019.
- Navajo Nation v. San Juan County, UT, 2017.
Redistricting and Elections Consultant
- Redistricting Consultant, Legislative Reapportionment Commission, Harrisburg, PA. July 2021 - March 2022.
- Appointed by the Pennsylvania Legislative Reapportionment Commission to advice and help draw the state’s legislative districts.
- Resolution Regarding Mapping Consultant Resolution 3a, available online.
Court Filings and Amicus Briefs
- “Memo in Support of Grofman/Cervas/Griggy Remedial Proposals,” U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Alabama, Southern Division, 2023 (with Bernard Grofman).
- “Brief of Amici Curiae in Support of Neither Party,” Fifth Judicial District Court, County of Lea, State of New Mexico, 2023 (with Paul Mitchell, Samuel S.-H. Wang, Roderick Kennedy, Election Reformers Network, Common Cause New Mexico, and the League of Women Voters New Mexico).
- “Brief of Amicus Curiae,” Maine ranked-choice voting, 2020 (with the Princeton Electoral Innovation Lab).
Expert Witness
- Sherman v. Hargett 26-cv-616
- Driver v. Houston County Civil Action No. 5:25-cv-25. Expert Report, Rebuttal Report
- Wise v. State of Missouri (2026) Case No. 2516-CV29597. Expert Report, Rebuttal Report
- New York Communities for Change v. County of Nassau (2025). Expert Report, Reply Report
- Moore v. Lee, Tennessee Chancery Court (2022). Reports 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.
Consultant
- New York State Board of Elections, Language Assistance (2025-2026)
- Town of Newburgh, NY (2024)
- Town of Cheektowaga, NY (2024)
Research Interests
American Politics, Elections, Voting Rights, Public Opinion & Representation, Methodology.
Teaching Experience
Courses
- Representation and Voting Rights - 84-352/652 - (Spring 2021, Spring 2022, Spring 2023, Spring 2024, Spring 2026)
- Dietrich General Education, Perspectives on Justice and Injustice
- Introduction to US Constitutional Law - 84-120 - (Spring 2026)
- Dietrich General Education, Humanities
- American Political Divides and Great Debates - 84-309/609 - (Fall 2024, Fall 2025)
- Dietrich General Education, Perspectives on Justice and Injustice
- Eberly Center Consultation on Course Design and Early Semester Feedback (Patrick Welsh, 2024, 2025)
- Democracy’s Data: Analytics and Insights into American Elections* - 84-355/655 - (Fall 2024, Fall 2025)
- Dietrich General Education, Contextual Thinking
- Regression Analysis for Political Science II - 84-702 - (Spring 2023, Spring 2024)
- Dietrich General Education, Scientific Inquiry
- American Politics Graduate Seminar/Advanced Topics in American Politics - 84-421/721 - (Fall 2020, Fall 2021, Fall 2022, Fall 2023)
Grants
- Generative AI Teaching as Research Initiative: GAITAR@Scale - American Political Divides and Great Debates (April 2025) - $3,000
Research
Publications
My contributions in joint papers are typically the data construction, statistical and geographic analysis, and modeling. I contributed substantially to the writing, and on the law reviews, to legal research.
15. “Partisan Gerrymandering.” In Elgar Encyclopedia of Public Choice, edited by Richard Jong-A-Pin and Christian Bjørnskov (2025) (with Bernard Grofman).
14. “Partisan Gerrymandering Cases in State Supreme Courts in the 2020s Redistricting Round.” Albany Law Review 87, no. 4 (2024) (with Bernard Grofman, Scott Matsuda, and Justine Kawa).
13. “Statistical Fallacies in Claims about ‘Massive and Widespread Fraud’ in the 2020 Presidential Election.” Statistics and Public Policy 11, no. 1 (2023) (with Bernard Grofman).
12. “The Role of State Courts in Constraining Partisan Gerrymandering in Congressional Elections.” University of New Hampshire Law Review 21, no. 2 (2023): 421 (with Bernard Grofman and Scott Matsuda).
11. “Using Folded Seats-Votes Curves to Compare Partisan Bias in the 2020 Presidential Election with Other 21st Century Elections.” Presidential Studies Quarterly (2022) (with Bernard Grofman).
10. “Why Donald Trump Should Be a Fervent Advocate of Using Ranked-Choice Voting in 2024.” PS: Political Science & Politics 55, no. 1 (2022) (with Bernard Grofman).
9. “Turning Communities of Interest into a Rigorous Standard for Fair Districting.” Stanford Journal of Civil Rights & Civil Liberties 18 (2022): 101 (with Sam Wang, Sandra Chen, Richard Ober, Bernard Grofman, and Kyle Barnes).
8. “A Systems Framework for Remedying Distortions in U.S. Democracy.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 50 (2021): e2102154118 (with Sam Wang, Bernard Grofman, and Keena Lipsitz).
7. “The Unanticipated Effect of Covid-19 on House Apportionments.” Social Science Quarterly 102, no. 5 (2021): 2432–2434 (with Bernard Grofman).
6. “ZIP Codes as Geographic Bases of Representation.” Election Law Journal (2021) (with Bernard Grofman).
5. “Legal, Political Science and Economics Approaches to Measuring Malapportionment.” Social Science Quarterly 101, no. 6 (2020): 2238–2256 (with Bernard Grofman).
4. “Tools for Identifying Partisan Gerrymandering: Pennsylvania Case Study.” Political Geography 76 (2020): 102069 (with Bernard Grofman).
3. “Are Presidential Inversions Inevitable?” Social Science Quarterly 100, no. 4 (2019): 1322–1342 (with Bernard Grofman).
2. “Can State Courts Cure Partisan Gerrymandering? Lessons from League of Women Voters v. Pennsylvania.” Election Law Journal 17, no. 4 (2018): 264–285 (with Bernard Grofman).
1. “Why Noncompetitive States Matter: The Electoral College 1868–2016.” Public Choice 173, no. 3–4 (2017): 251–265 (with Bernard Grofman).
Op-Eds and Public Commentary
“The Effects of Mid-Decade Redistricting on Electoral Outcomes,” Medium, 2025.
“Trump the Wrestler and the 2024 Grudge Match,” Medium, 2024 (with Bernard Grofman).
“Fracking: A Contiguity-Related Redistricting Metric,” Election Law Blog, 2021 (with Bernard Grofman).
“The GOP Scared Latinos from the Census. Now That May Cost the Party Red Seats,” The Washington Post, May 1, 2021 (with Sam Wang).
“A More Equitable Voting System in Maine: Ranked-Choice Voting,” Medium (3Streams), 2021 (with Anjali Akula and Elsie Goren).
“How Likely is Trump to Lose the Popular Vote but Win the Electoral College?” Medium (3Streams), 2020 (with Bernard Grofman).
“These Are the Political Consequences of Excluding Undocumented Immigrants from Apportionment,” Medium (3Streams), 2020 (with Angela Ocampo).
“Pennsylvania Has to Draw New Congressional Districts but Getting Rid of Gerrymandering Will Be Harder Than You Think,” The Washington Post, February 9, 2018 (with Bernard Grofman).
Working Papers/Pipeline
- A Simple Algorithm for Good Government Districting: So Easy You Can Apply it by Hand
- A typology for forms of redistricting commissions w/ Hayden Goldberg
- Consequences of Choice of House Apportionment Method in 2020
- Constituency Diversity and Electoral Competitiveness In House and Senate Elections w/ Brunell
- Controversies and Complexities in Implementing “Good Government” Criteria for Redistricting in the 2020 Redistricting Round
- Determinants of Swing Ratio
- District Diversity and Electoral Competitiveness In House and Senate Elections, 1962-202x - - w/ Brunell
- Does Partisan Bias In The Electoral College Doom The Democrats In 2024
- Drop-off of Voters in the 2014 Midterm Election: Orphan States and Minority Withdrawal from the Electorate
- Estimating the Extent to which there is White Backlash to a Growing Hispanic Population that Generates Greater White Voter Support for Republican Candidates
- Examining Expert Witness Testimony in Redistricting Litigation - w/ Hayden Goldberg
- An Experiment on Optimal Campaigning Using a Simplified Seven State Electoral College
- Folded Seats-Votes Curves (was Simple Graphical Tool to Display Seats-Votes Relationship)w/ Nagle & Lederman
- Fracking: A Contiguity-Related Redistricting Metric (Splitting Geographies in the Context of Redistricting)
- How Certain was it that the Democrats would Lose Control of the House of Representatives in 2022? (renamed)
- Is the Electoral College Biased in Favor of Republicans? Yes and No and Maybe
- Optimal Partisan Gerrymandering Revisited - w/ Krieg
- Paths to Victory in Presidential Campaigns
- Political Polarization (Clarifying Concepts related to polarization)
- Population-Dependence of Cabinet Sizes - w/ Taagepera, Kaiser, (maybe Atsusaka)
- Predictable Elections, Ideological Constraint, and Stability in the 21st Century
- Predicting Divergence between the Popular Vote Winner and the Electoral College Winner, 1868-2016: The Dogs that Didn’t Bite
- Presidential Primaries and the Collective Action Coordination Problem
- Recent Approaches to the Definition and Measurement of Compactness - w/ Hayden Goldberg
- Relative Ideology: Why Context Matters for a person’s ideological ID
- Representation of Non-Eligible Resident Populations in Legislative Bodies - w/ Ocampo
- State Competitiveness and Pivotality in the U.S. Electoral College - w/ Zora Mihaley
- The Terminology Of Districting (this is long complete but never found a home)
- The Political Legacy of American Slavery Revisited
- Trump the wrestler and the 2024 grudge match
- Waiting For Godez
Public Engagement & Digital Projects
- Daily District (Better Know a District) — Creator and Lead Developer (2026–present). A Wordle-style educational web game in which players identify all 435 U.S. House districts from their geography, designed to build civic and geographic literacy for a broad public audience.
Talks (Invited and Conference)
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Congressional Briefing on Redistricting Reform — invited to Washington, D.C., to brief several dozen members of Congress. Problem Solvers Caucus, Hosted by Rep. Tom Suozzi and Rep. Brian Fitzpatrick. June 2026.
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Reshaping Government: Possibilities and Perils. Congressional Redistricting Frenzy - University of Pittsburgh, The Dick Thornburgh Forum for Law & Public Policy. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. June 4, 2026.
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Redistricting: Drawing the Maps, Presentation and demonstration of how redistricting maps are drawn, including the data and inputs that go into making maps. - National Conference of State Legislatures. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. May 29, 2026.
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Racial Equality after Callais: Strategies for Implementing Electoral Systems Reform - Harvard Law School (Charles Hamilton Houston Institute for Race & Justice). Cambridge, Massachusetts. April 16 - 17, 2026.
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An Experiment on Optimal Campaigning Using a Simplified Seven State Electoral College - Public Choice Society Annual Conference, San Antonio, Texas. March 14, 2026.
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Mid-Decade Redistricting - New York Law School, Hosted by Judge Michelle Childs. February 3, 2026.
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What’s the Story with Redistricting? - Heinz School of Public Policy, Policy and Politics Group, September 24, 2025.
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Mid-decade Redistricting — New York Law School, Hosted by Jeff Wice, September 17, 2025.
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Disinformation and the Fight for Democracy — University of Pittsburgh, Hosted by Ralph L. Bangs, July 15, 2025.
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Partisan & Racial Gerrymandering and the Voting Rights Act — New York Law School, Hosted by Jeff Wice, February 19, 2025.
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Gerrymandering and the Voting Rights Act: A Threat to Democracy? — University of Pittsburgh, Hosted by Ralph L. Bangs, February 11, 2025.
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Build a 2030 Redistricting Checklist — National Conference of State Legislatures, NCSL Annual Summit, Louisville, KY, August 7, 2024.
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NY Redistricting Conference: What Happened and What’s Next? — Keynote Speaker, New York Law School, June 18, 2024. Website Keynote Remarks
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When Third Parties Matter — Niskanen Center, Hosted by Matt Grossman, May 29, 2024. Website
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Elections and Voting — Sacramento State University, Hosted by Hallee Caron, March 25, 2024.
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Elections Redistricting and Voting Rights — New York Law School, Hosted by Jeff Wice, February 21, 2024.
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The Issues Shaping Attitudes Around the Election — New York University School of Journalism, Hosted by Eliza Griswold and SpotlightPA, February 19, 2024.
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Redistricting — Carnegie Mellon University Osher Class, Hosted by Randy Weinberg, October 23, 2023.
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Power to the People at “A Path Towards Equality” — Hosted by SpotlightPA, October 11, 2023. Website
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Elections Redistricting and Voting Rights — New York Law School, Hosted by Jeff Wice, October 4, 2023.
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Federal Appellate Advocacy — University of Pittsburgh School of Law, Hosted by Hon. D. Michael Fisher, September 26, 2023.
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Pennsylvania Redistricting: Lessons Learned and Next Steps for Reform — Hosted by Common Cause PA, League of Women Voters PA, NAACP PA, Committee of Seventy, FairDistricts PA, and Pennsylvania Voice, May 31, 2023.
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Voting Rights and Election Law — Touro Law School, Hosted by Judge Phil Solages, May 4, 2023.
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Did a Libertarian Cost Trump the Election? A Q&A with Jonathan Cervas - American Enterprise Institute. December 29, 2022. Website.
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Remapping Democracy: Redistricting, Race, and Fair Elections in a Changing Legal Environment — Government Law Review at Albany Law School, March 6, 2023. Website
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Representation, Race, Redistricting — CUNY Graduate School, Hosted by Keena Lipsitz and John Mollenkopf, November 17, 2022.
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Voting Rights and Redistricting: Reshaping American Democracy — New York Law School, Hosted by Jeff Wice, October 20, 2022.
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Democracy Threatened: Will Your Vote Count? — Great Issues Forum at Redeemer, October 12, 2022.
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Contemporary Issues in Election Law — New Hampshire Law School, Hosted by Kyle Kopko, October 7, 2022. Website
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Voting Rights and Election Law — Hofstra Law School, Hosted by Judge Phil Solages, September 12, 2022.
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Measuring Compactness — Pennsylvania Redistricting with Geographers: Communities of Interest Criteria and Beyond, American Association of Geographers.
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Voting Rights and Elections — University of Texas at Austin, Hosted by Beto O’Rourke, Spring 2021.
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Tools for Identifying a Partisan Gerrymander — Princeton University Wintersession.
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2019 NCSL Capitol Forum (Legislative Options for Redistricting Post-conference) — National Conference of State Legislatures.
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Redrawing the Virginia Legislative Map: The Bethune-Hill Racial Gerrymandering Case — Princeton University.
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Triple Play: Election 2018, Census 2020, and Redistricting 2021 — University of Houston, Hobby School.
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Representation of Non-Eligible Resident Populations in Legislative Bodies — Center for the Study of Democracy Graduate Student Conference, UC Irvine.
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Asymmetry in State Grant Distribution: Why Proximity to the State Capital Matters — Western Political Science Association, San Diego, California.
Service to Carnegie Mellon
- Faculty Senate, CMIST Representative (2025–Present)
- Constitution Day, Committee Member (2025,2026)
- Democracy Day, Co-Chair (2025)
- Democracy Day, Committee Member (2024,2025,2026)
- Deeper Conversations, Speaker (2024): Bridging the Divide: Understanding and Addressing Political Polarization in America Website
- Speaker, Heinz School of Public Policy, Policy and Politics Group (2025)
- Committee, American Politics and Law Minor
- Committee, Undergraduate Honors Thesis
- Letters of Recommendations (9 in 2026, 6 in 2025, 8 in 2024, 10 in 2023)
Service to the Discipline
Referee: American Journal of Political Science, Political Analysis, Political Geography, Election Law Journal, Public Choice, Political Research Quarterly
References
Bernard Grofman, UC Irvine
Distinguished Professor of Political Science
Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Email: bgrofman@uci.edu
Mark Nordenberg, University of Pittsburgh
Chancellor Emeritus, University of Pittsburgh
Dean Emeritus, Pitt Law School
Email: norden@pitt.edu
Carole Jean Uhlaner, UC Irvine
Professor of Political Science
Email: cuhlaner@uci.edu
Richard L. Hasen, UCLA Law School
Chancellor’s Professor of Law and Political Science
Email: rhasen@uci.edu